The coal ash, a byproduct of fossil fuel plants, which for years farmers have used to fertilize their fields, is also used to strengthen concrete for roads and as filler for recreational fields. It’s a convenient way for coal-firing plants to rid themselves of tons of waste each year. But some fear that the material, especially when used on crops, could be hazardous to human health.

“Basically this is a leap into the unknown,” says Jeff rush, executive director of Public Employees for Environmental Responsibility, to the Associated Press. “This stuff has materials in it that we’re trying to prevent entering the environment from coal-fired power plants and then to turn around and smear it across ag lands raises some real questions.”

The safety of such byproducts was brought to light a year ago, after more than a billion gallons of coal ash from the Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) plant in Kingston, Tenn., spilled from an impoundment pond and covered a nearby community. New testing revealed that coal ash, which was not classified as a hazardous material, contained dangerous toxins and heavy metals that could pose serious health problems for humans. Since then, the EPA has been inspecting coal ash sites across the country and is establishing guidelines for safe storage, expected to be unveiled early next year.

Despite the presence of dangerous toxins in coal ash, the EPA says scattering the material on crops is “safe in appropriate soil and hydrogeologic conditions.” But is it worth the risk? For a dozen years, Decatur Utilities in Alabama distributed waste in the form of sludge from its treatment plant to farmers as free fertilizer for their crops. While the EPA was aware that the waste in fertilizer could be dangerous to humans as early as 1979, it wasn’t until last year that the EPA realized that the fertilizer was actually being dumped onto crops. Decatur Utilities quickly halted the practice. This month, the agency announced it would test the blood of as many as 200 residents in Lawrence County for potential toxic chemicals.

SOURCE: Coal Ash Spill › EPA says coal ash is safe to use as fertilizer on crops

But sometimes materials that we think are safe for use are in fact harmful to humans. Consider this sad story now being played out in Lawrence County, Alabama.

The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has announced it will test the blood of as many as 200 residents in Lawrence County for potentially toxic chemicals – toxins that were scattered on fields by Decatur Utilities, a local wastewater plant.

For 12 years, Decatur Utilities distributed sludge from its treatment plant to farmers for free for use as fertilizer on their crops. More than 90 percent of the county – or about 5,000 acres of land – have been covered with the stuff. In 1979, 3M conducted tests and alerted the EPA of the possibility that the fertilizer was contaminated with PFCs, or perflourinated chemicals. It wasn’t until last year that the EPA learned that the potentially contaminated sludge was being dumped on to farmland. Once the connection was made, Decatur Utilities stopped giving away the sludge-fertilizer.

While studies have shown that there is danger of PFCs harming laboratory animals, the effect of PFCs on humans is unclear. The EPA has conducted tests of public water supplies and the Department of Agriculture has studied samples taken from cattle slaughtered near contaminated land. Both have determined that they were safe for human consumption. However, tests on cattle’s blood have levels of PFOS, a particularly toxic PFC, at levels as high as 500 times the EPA health advisory applicable to drinking water, according to the Decatur Daily.

Residents of Lawrence County who live near heavily contaminated fields or who drink from contaminated private wells will receive letters from the EPA soon offering the free blood tests.

Kind of makes you wonder what we will learn about coal ash byproducts, especially those used to fertilize farmland.

SOURCE: Coal Ash Spill › EPA tests Lawrence County residents for potential toxic chemicals

Improvements in coal-burning filtering systems have made the smoke that passes into the air from smokestacks far less toxic than in years past. Meaning, the toxins that once escaped into the air we breathe now settles into the ash that is left behind. That ash is stored in wet or dry landfills at hundreds of facilities across the country. Much of that waste is recycled and used as filler in other products.

But tests have shown that coal ash contains a variety of dangerous materials, such as arsenic, lead, chromium, manganese and barium – products which have been associated with serious health concerns such as cancer, liver damage and neurological complications. Which has made many question whether the byproducts widely used in homes, schools, golf courses and even produce farms, can be harmful to humans.

As long as utilities continue to burn fossil fuels and reap profits from the sale of byproducts, the answer may continue to elude public knowledge.

View a clip from the 60 Minutes investigative report.

SOURCE: Coal Ash Spill › 60 Minutes report questions safety of coal ash byproducts

The new coal ash byproduct, called Cenocell, has good insulating properties and is fire resistant, making it an ideal replacement for concrete, wood and other materials used in various applications in construction, transportation and aerospace.

Coal ash contains dangerous toxins such as arsenic and lead which can, as in the case of the TVA spill, damage property and may lead to serious health complications. The new product, however, is not considered harmful and in fact, is being touted as a “green” product because unlike cement, Cenocell does not generate carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas.

“This material could help develop communities by allowing people living near coal-burning facilities to create a new industry and new jobs,” Doyoyo said. “This could be an engine of development for people who have been struggling. It really is a material with a social conscience.”

This may not be exciting news to those living in communities in close proximity to coal-burning facilities. The alternative uses for coal ash do not stop the coal-burning fumes from polluting the air nor does it eliminate the threat of another devastating coal ash spill, like that caused when a TVA coal ash pond failed last December and dumped more than a billion gallons of toxic material on to a neighboring community. Rather than alternative uses for coal ash, many are asking for greener alternatives to coal-burning all together.

Doyoyo will present Cenocell and his findings at the World of Coal Ash meeting May 4-7, 2009.

Source:
Reliable Plant

SOURCE: Coal Ash Spill › Scientist develops new product from coal ash

The practice of utilities selling coal ash byproducts is not unusual. The Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) recently released a report stating that it sells about a third of the 7 million tons of fly ash, bottom ash, gypsum and boiler slag generated in its plants each year. Those byproducts have been mixed into concrete for roads in bridges and in blocks for buildings. The gypsum has been used in wallboard, granules for roofing shingles and grit for sandblasters. The byproducts even have been used as filler material for recreation areas, ball fields and industrial parks, according to the Atlanta Journal Constitution.

Yes, this is the same type of toxic material that spilled on to 300 acres of rural east Tennessee last December when one of the utility’s coal ash ponds failed, destroying nearby homes and causing hundreds of millions of damage to property. Environmentalists say the damage to wildlife and plant life is still to be determined, and many locals who live near the site have already suffered health problems. The coal ash contains toxins such as arsenic, lead, chromium, manganese and barium, which have been associated with serious health problems such as cancer, liver damage and neurological complications.

So it comes as little surprise that the Chinese drywall containing coal ash byproducts is also making people sick. The lawsuit alleges that the drywall emits one of several sulfur compounds giving homes made of it a foul odor. Some say those fumes also may cause respiratory health problems, headaches, dry eyes and nosebleeds. The long term affects of exposure are yet to be determined.

Other problems caused by the Chinese drywall include corrosion of air condition coils, putting homes at serious risk for electrical fires.

The class action lawsuit names the Knauf Group, PKT’s parent company; Banner Supply, a Miami-based materials supply company; and Rothchilt International, Ltd. , an export company in China. Legal experts believe many more lawsuits will follow.

SOURCE: Coal Ash Spill › Coal ash byproducts used in building supplies making people sick