The report was released ahead of congressional hearings this week on the coal ash spill in Kingston that occurred last year. That spill dumped about 5.4 million cubic yards of coal ash on to 300 acres of rural land and into nearby waterways, and prompted the Environmental Protection Agency to investigate the safety of coal ash and the facilities that store the waste.

Recent studies have shown coal ash contains dangerous toxins that have been linked to serious health concerns such as cancer, liver damage and neurological complications. One study from Duke University suggests that exposure to fly ash and the contaminated river sediment could pose health risks to local communities as well as wildlife.

Officials from the Tennessee Department of Environment and Conservation say they will continue to monitor the TVA’s cleanup of the land, which will take an estimated three years and will cost upwards of $1 billion. The organization also says that while the spill has displaced homeowners, damaged property and contaminated waterways, tests on municipal water supplies have been ruled safe.

Sources:
Associated Press
The Tennessean

SOURCE: Coal Ash Spill › Emory River polluted with carcinogens, dangerous metals

As part of the oversight, TVA is required to perform a comprehensive cleanup from the Emory River and surrounding areas. The utility’s work will be subject to review and approval by the EPA, which will consult with the Tennessee Department of Environment and Conservation (TDEC). Any remaining contamination will be assessed and determination will be made whether additional actions are needed.

The agreement was reached under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act of 1980, or Superfund law, which gives the EPA the authority to step in and force responsible parties to take action at hazardous waste sites and ensure community involvement.

Residents near the damaged spill site say they see the move as positive. “I just don’t think the TVA has the know-how to do this work,” one resident said to WBIR-TV. “It’ll be better with the EPA taking over. I think they’ll do the right thing.”

“TDEC welcomes EPA’s action and the continued collaborative partnership between our agencies,” said TDEC Deputy Commissioner Paul Sloan. “This successful partnership is vital to the cleanup of the TVA ash spill and we will continue to work with EPA to ensure the cleanup in Roane County is thorough and protective of both public health and the environment.”

Source:
EPA

SOURCE: Coal Ash Spill › EPA to oversee TVA’s coal ash cleanup efforts

The Tennessee Department of Environment and Conservation (TDEC) ordered total remediation so that the utility must clean up the site completely. That cleanup effort is so massive it could take years to complete and is estimated to cost the utility between $525 million and $825 million.

“It is unlikely that the land can be fully restored to conditions present before the spill,” says Rhon Jones, Toxic Torts Section Head with Beasley Allen law firm. “It will take a long time for the area to heal, and the long-term effects may not be known entirely for some time.”

Coal ash may contain dangerous toxins such as arsenic, lead, chromium, manganese and barium which can contribute to dangerous health conditions such as cancer, liver damage and neurological complications, to name a few. Many residents already have complained of respiratory problems and half reported experiencing increased stress and anxiety.

The TVA has offered buyouts to many of the victims of the coal ash spill, “but it is unclear whether residents, in their desperation to leave the hazardous conditions, are getting fair deals,” Jones says. “Our firm is working on behalf of individuals and a class of clients. Through these cases, we are working to 1) Bring about a complete cleanup of the area; 2) Ensure that our clients are fully compensated for the damage to their property (including their property values); and, 3) Obtain long-term medical monitoring relief for area residents who have been exposed to the dangerous contaminants in TVA’s coal ash sludge. “

SOURCE: Coal Ash Spill › Coal ash victims may not get the compensation they deserve

The engineers concerns about the stability of the pond walls are detailed in documents released earlier this year by the TVA. The documents were requested by the Tennessee Department of Environment and Conservation (TDEC) in an effort to pinpoint why the pond breach occurred in the first place.

The documents show that the dikes making up the coal ash pond were in frequent need of maintenance and re-engineering. TVA officials made decisions based on opinions of both in-house engineers and consulting engineers. The pond’s most recent stability inspection – which showed nothing that would indicate failure – occurred just two months before the spill.

So far, the utility has spent more than $68 million cleaning up the mess, and that cost is expected to rise to as high as $825 million. The utility also has spent $11 million to buy out property from locals affected by the spill. Additional expenses are expected to cover litigation, penalties and settlements.

SOURCE: Coal Ash Spill › Engineers raised questions about coal ash pond walls decades ago

Converting the coal ash ponds to dry ash storage will take about 18 to 24 months to complete. Meantime, TVA will continue working on cleaning up the mess made by the coal ash pond that failed. That cleanup effort is expected to ring in as high as $825 million. TVA has vowed to make the area affected by the spill “as good, if not better than before” the spill occurred. It also will continue to support regulators in the monitoring of water, soil and air.

TVA also is working with state Environment and Conservation for a safe way to remove the ash in the main channel of the Emory River. Once removed, that ash will be temporarily placed on a ball field and at another site at the Kingston plant.

The cleanup will be “developed and reviewed by an interagency team” including the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, the Tennessee Department of Environment and Conservation, Tennessee Department of Health, the Tennessee Wildlife Resources Agency, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and Roane County officials. TVA also is developing a community involvement cleanup plan.

SOURCE: Coal Ash Spill › TVA releases details of coal ash spill cleanup plan

We told you earlier about Penny Dodson and her 18-month-old grandson Evan. For 10 days after the spill, they stayed in their home instead of fleeing. She was told by TVA authorities that they would be safe. But when Evan started having trouble breathing, doctors tested him for heavy metals. The tests revealed that Evan had elevated levels of arsenic in his body, which doctors determined was from fly ash in the community. Penny is now guilt-stricken.

While no one was injured when the coal ash pond failed and dumped more than a billion gallons of toxic material on to 300 acres of a rural east Tennessee neighborhood, authorities want to be sure damages, such as those experienced by little Evan and by the property owners whose homes and property were affected, are kept to a minimum.

TVA has executed a massive clean up, building temporary dams in Emory River in hopes of keep the ash from flowing any father downstream, and laid grass seed to keep the coal ash from flying. Sludge is being scooped out of waterways and land. How long the cleanup will take is still unclear, but the price of getting the land livable again could cost TVA as much as $825 million.

The hearings continue this week with more testimony from victims as well as testimony from representatives of the TVA and the Tennessee Department of Environment and Conservation.

SOURCE: Coal Ash Spill › TVA coal ash victims testify about property, personal damages

Late last December the TVA coal ash pond spilled over, dumping 1.1 billion gallons of toxic material on to 300 acres of a rural neighborhood in east Tennessee, destroying homes and damaging property in its wake. Temporary dams were built to halt the ash’s flow into neighboring rivers, and grass seeds have been spread on the ground to keep the sludge at bay. But experts still don’t know how long clean-up efforts will take or how the dangerous toxins might affect animals and humans there.

Scientists say that turning the spill site into a educational and research center for the study of long-term effects of coal ash on the environment “could yield scientific dividends that could be used at power plants around the world,” according to the story. Scientists also say that if the fly ash is stabilized, it shouldn’t pose a risk to the health and safety of researchers or residents in the area.

The TVA and the Tennessee Department of Environment and Conservation say despite the recommendation plans are to continue with clean-up efforts to remove the ash and restore the environment.

SOURCE: Coal Ash Spill › Scientists say spill site should be converted to research center

Exposure to arsenic and radium can have cause serious health issues in humans, including cancer, liver damage and neurological complications.

The Tennessee Department of Environment and Conservation (TDEC) is overseeing the cleanup, with assistance from the Tennessee Department of Health and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Efforts costing $1 million a day include vacuuming ash particles from the river and inlets, building temporary dams to hold back the flow, and dusting the area with more than 80 tons of grass seed to keep the ash from flying in the wind, according to the report.

A spokesperson with TDEC told AP that the agencies are working together to ensure the area is appropriately cleaned for the long-term protection of both the community and the environment. She was quoted: “We have stated throughout this process that coal ash does contain small amounts of some contaminants that could be harmful to human health under certain conditions, primarily ingestion and inhalation. From the point TDEC was initially notified of the ash release, the department recognized the potential inhalation hazard presented by the ash and acted to protect local public health.”

Because trace amounts of toxins were found miles downstream, state and federal agencies will continue to monitor the water and air to ensure that drinking water and air quality remains safe.

SOURCE: Coal Ash Spill › Scientists confirm sludge contains arsenic, radium

In 2003 and 2006, two small leaks occurred at the Kingston plant, which raised the interest of the Tennessee Department of Environment and Conservation. That agency asked TVA to provide more information about the leaks but did not require a new storage system.

A TVA spokesman says the two smaller leaks were not related to December’s pond failure, and in both cases repairs were made to the ponds to stop the slow leaks. A 2008 inspection report of the Kingston ponds indicated that there were no structural problems with the ponds. However, officials say that the report indicated that TVA was irresponsible for not realizing that the previous spills pointed toward a serious stability problem.

Coal ash ponds are not regulated by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) because the EPA doesn’t consider the coal ash to be hazardous material. Federal agents oversee coal mines but don’t regulate the burning power plants. Some experts say states have done a poor job of monitoring the coal ash ponds.

Tennessee Gov. Phil Bredesen said he is working to provide stronger oversight of the coal ash ponds in his state. Other states where TVA has coal ash ponds or landfills include Alabama and Kentucky.

SOURCE: Coal Ash Spill › Previous leaks should have signaled warning

The first blow to animals in the area came when the spill occurred. Animals that were caught in the spill’s wake died from strangulation or from being buried in the sludge and ash. Stephen Smith, veterinarian and director of the Southern Alliance for Clean Energy, says the animals that remain are not safe. Fish who swam to fresher water to escape the spill have ash coating their stomachs and gills. The damage isn’t just occurring in aquatic specials like fish, mussels and snails. River otters, mink, muskrat, ospreys and block-crowned night herons may also be at risk.

As wildlife in the area continue to live off the contaminated land, toxins can build up in their blood stream over the coming months and years. If the animals are contaminated, those dangerous toxins may eventually work their way to humans through the food chain.

The Tennessee Wildlife Resources Agency and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service will continue to monitor and assess how the spill is affecting animals there over the next three to five years. As a precaution, the Tennessee Department of Environment and Conservation has issued an advisory against eating striped bass caught in rivers around the spill zone, and precautionary advisory for catfish and sauger.

SOURCE: Coal Ash Spill › Spill’s long term effects a concern for wildlife

A coal ash spill in eastern Tennessee that experts were already calling the largest environmental disaster of its kind in the United States is more than three times as large as initially estimated, according to an updated survey by the Tennessee Valley Authority.

Officials at the authority initially said that about 1.7 million cubic yards of wet coal ash had spilled when the earthen retaining wall of an ash pond at the Kingston Fossil Plant, about 40 miles west of Knoxville, gave way on Monday. But on Thursday they released the results of an aerial survey that showed the actual amount was 5.4 million cubic yards, or enough to flood more than 3,000 acres one foot deep.

The amount now said to have been spilled is larger than the amount the authority initially said was in the pond, 2.6 million cubic yards.

A test of river water near the spill showed elevated levels of lead and thallium, which can cause birth defects and nervous and reproductive system disorders, said John Moulton, a spokesman for the T.V.A., which owns the electrical generating plant, one of the authority’s largest.

Mr. Moulton said Friday that the levels exceeded safety limits for drinking water, but that both metals were filtered out by water treatment processes.

Mercury and arsenic, he said, were “barely detectable” in the samples.

The ash pond was adjacent to the Emory River and near a residential area, where three houses were destroyed by the tide of muddy ash. Water sampled several miles downstream from the spill was safe to drink, but its iron and manganese content exceeded the secondary drinking water standards set by the Environmental Protection Agency, which govern taste and odor but not potential health effects, Mr. Moulton said.

Neither the authority nor the E.P.A. has released the results of tests of soil or the ash itself. Authority officials have said that the ash is not harmful, and the authority has not warned residents of potential dangers, though federal studies show that coal ash can contain dangerous levels of heavy metals and carcinogens.

“You’re not going to be endangered by touching the ash material,” said Barbara Martocci, a spokeswoman for the T.V.A. “You’d have to eat it. You have to get it in your body.”

The Tennessee Department of Environment and Conservation also released a statement saying there was no indication of risk unless the ash was ingested.

But residents like Deanna Copeland were thinking further into the future.

“Our concern is, what happens if this liquid dries out?” Ms. Copeland said. “There are huge health concerns. It’s going to get in our house. We’re going to breathe it in. It would be like walking through a dust bowl, and we don’t know what’s in the dust.”

A round-the-clock cleanup effort continued on Friday, much of it clearing roads and railway tracks that were blocked by the sludge. Several booms, or skimmers, were installed on nearby rivers to catch floating cenospheres, a valuable component of the ash used to make bowling balls and other manufactured goods. A weir, or underwater dam, that would keep settled ash from moving downstream was about one-fifth completed, T.V.A. officials said.

Some nearby residents said that the authority had done little to address their concerns.

“We’re terribly frustrated,” said Donald Smith, 58, a laboratory facilities manager who lives in the affected area. “It seems like T.V.A. is just throwing darts at the problem, and they don’t have a clue how to really fix it.

“It was nice that they came by to talk to us. They’re making an effort. But what upsets me is they didn’t have a plan in place. Why hadn’t anybody thought, ‘What happens if this thing bursts?’ ”

Residents said they were stunned by the new figure for the size of the spill.

“That’s scary to know that they can be off by that much,” said Angela Spurgeon, whose dock and yard are swamped with ash. “I don’t think it was intentional, but it upsets me to know that a number was given of what the pond could hold, and the number now is more than double.”

Authority officials offered little explanation for the discrepancy, saying the initial number was an estimate based on their information at the time.

Ms. Spurgeon said the scope of the disaster was difficult to fathom, even from photos.

“This is not a thin coating of ash,” she said. “These are boulders. There’s one in our cove that’s probably the size of our home.”

The spill has reignited a debate over whether coal ash should be federally regulated as a hazardous material.

Environmentalists have long argued that coal ash, which can contaminate groundwater and poison aquatic environments, should be stored in lined landfills. The ash ponds at Kingston were separated from the river only by earthen dikes. Coal plants around the country, most near rivers that supply the water they need to operate, store coal ash in unlined embankments and ponds, and in some areas coal ash is recycled as fill material.

The T.V.A. is still investigating the cause of the breach, but officials have suggested that unusually heavy rain and freezing temperatures may have been factors.

SOURCE: THE NEW YORK TIMES

SOURCE: Coal Ash Spill › Tennessee Ash Flood Larger Than Initial Estimate